User manual CASIO FX-350TL

[. . . ] Never expose batteries to direct heat or dispose of them by incineration. · Misuse of batteries can cause them to leak and damage nearby items, and can create the risk of fire and personal injury. · Always make sure that the battery's positive k and negative l ends are facing correctly when you load it into the calculator. · Remove the battery if you do not plan to use the calculator for a long time (fx-3950P). [. . . ] · = 3. 14159265359 kTrigonometric/Inverse Trigonometric Functions · To change the default angle unit (degrees, radians, grads), press the F key a number of times until you reach the angle unit setup screen shown below. Deg Rad G r a 1 2 3 E-21 · Press the number key (1, 2, or 3 ) that corresponds to the angle unit you want to use. (90° = 2 radians = 100 grads) · Example 1: sin 63°52o41 0. 897859012 q . . . . . 2(Rad) WRAx\3T< · Example 2: cos ( 1 3 2 2 rad) 0. 5 · Example 3: cos 0. 25 (rad) ( (rad)) q . . . . . 2 (Rad) 4 AVRL2\2T<g\Ax< · Example 4: tan 1 0. 741 36. 53844577 ° q . . . . . 1(Deg) A g 0. 741 < kHyperbolic/Inverse Hyperbolic Functions · Example 1: sinh 3. 6 · Example 2: sinh 1 18. 28545536 4. 094622224 M S 3. 6 < M A j 30 < 30 kCommon and Natural Logarithms/Antilogarithms · Example 1: log 1. 23 0. 089905111 R 1. 23 < T 90 < TpP< A U 10 < A Q 1. 5 < RD2TW4< · Example 2: In 90 (= loge 90) = 4. 49980967 ln e · Example 3: e10 · Example 4: 101. 5 · Example 5: (­2)4 1 22026. 46579 31. 6227766 16 · Negative values included in a calculation must be enclosed in parentheses. For details, see "Order of Operations" on page 47 for more information. E-22 kSquare Roots, Cube Roots, Roots, Squares, Cubes, Reciprocals, Factorials, Random Numbers, , and Permutation/Combination · Example 1: · Example 2: 3 2 5 3 3 27 5 5. 287196909 L2+L3-L5< ­1. 290024053 A D 5 + A D D 27 < 1 · Example 3: 123 ( = 123 ( 7) ) 7 1. 988647795 7 A H 123 < 123 + 30 K < 12 N < · Example 4: 123 · Example 5: 123 · Example 6: 1 1 3 302 1023 1728 12 1 4 R3a, 4aTa< 8Af< · Example 7: 8! 40320 · Example 8: To generate a random number between 0. 000 and 0. 999 AM< · Example 9: 3 0. 66400 (The above value is a sample only. Results differ each time. ) 9. 424777961 3Ax< · Example 10: To determine how many different 4-digit values can be produced using the numbers 1 through 7 · Numbers cannot be duplicated within the same 4-digit value (1234 is allowed, but 1123 is not). (840) 7Am4< · Example 11: To determine how many different 4-member groups can be organized in a group of 10 individuals (210) 10 A n 4 < E-23 kAngle Unit Conversion · Press A v to display the following menu. D R G 12 3 · Pressing 1, 2, or 3 converts the displayed value to the corresponding angle unit. 25 r 243. 5070629 kCoordinate Conversion (Pol (x, y), Rec (r, )) u Rectangular Coordinates u Polar Coordinates · Calculation results are automatically assigned to variables X and Y. · Example 1: To convert polar coordinates (r coordinates (x, y) (Angle unit: Deg) 2, 60°) to rectangular x y 1 1. 732050808 A F 2 P 60 T < 0y · Press 0 x to display the value of x, or 0 y to display the value of y. E-24 · Example 2: To convert rectangular coordinates (1, 3) to polar coordinates (r, ) (Angle unit: Rad) r 2 1. 047197551 Af1P L3T< 0y · Press 0 x to display the value of r, or 0 y to display the value of . kEngineering Notation Calculations · Example 1: To convert 56, 088 meters to kilometers 10 3 (km) · Example 2: To convert 0. 08125 grams to milligrams 56. 088 81. 25 10­3 (mg) 56088 < J 0. 08125 < J Statistical Calculations Standard Deviation SD REG SD Use the F key to enter the SD Mode when you want to perform statistical calculations using standard deviation. SD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Temperature Temperature 10°C 15°C 20°C 25°C 30°C Atmospheric Pressure 1003 hPa 1005 hPa 1010 hPa 1011 hPa 1014 hPa Perform linear regression to determine the regression formula terms and correlation coefficient for the data nearby. Next, use the regression formula to estimate atmospheric pressure at 18°C and temperature at 1000 hPa. Finally, calculate the coefficient of determination (r2) and sample covariance . E-29 In the REG Mode: 1(Lin) A B 1 (Scl) < (Stat clear) 10 P1003 S n= REG 1. Each time you press S to register your input, the number of data input up to that point is indicated on the display (n value). 15 P 1005 S 20 P1010 S 25 P 1011 S 30 P 1014 S Regression Coefficient A = 997. 4 Regression Coefficient B = 0. 56 Correlation Coefficient r = 0. 982607368 Atmospheric Pressure at 18°C = 1007. 48 Temperature at 1000 hPa = 4. 642857143 Coefficient of Determination = 0. 965517241 Sample Covariance = 35 AXrr1< AXrr2< AXrr3< 18 A X r r r 2 < 1000 A X r r r 1 < AXrr3K< EAUr3, AU3-AX1AXr1F\ EAU3, 1F< u Logarithmic, Exponential, Power, and Inverse Regression · Use the same key operations as linear regression to recall results for these types of regression. · The following shows the regression formulas for each type of regression. Logarithmic Regression Exponential Regression Power Regression Inverse Regression y y y y A B In x A eB·x (In y In A + Bx) A xB (In y In A + BIn x) A B 1/x E-30 u Quadratic Regression · The regression formula for quadratic regression is: y = A + Bx + Cx2. · Example: xi 29 50 74 103 118 yi 1. 6 23. 5 38. 0 46. 4 48. 0 Perform quadratic regression to determine the regression formula terms for the data nearby. Next, use the regression formula to estimate the values for n (estimated value of y) for xi = 16 and m (estimated value of x) for yi = 20. In the REG Mode: r 3(Quad) A B 1 (Scl) < (Stat clear) 29 P 1. 6 S 50 P 23. 5 S 74 P 38. 0 S 103 P 46. 4 S 118 P 48. 0 S Regression Coefficient A = ­35. 59856934 Regression Coefficient B = 1. 495939413 Regression Coefficient C = ­ 6. 71629667 × 10 ­3 n when xi is 16 = ­13. 38291067 m1 when yi is 20 = 47. 14556728 m2 when yi is 20 = 175. 5872105 AXrr1< AXrr2< AXrr3< 16 A X r r r 3 < 20 A X r r r 1 < 20 A X r r r 2 < · After inputting data, you can perform the key operations that calcutate statistical results (regression coefficients, n, m1, etc. ) in any order. You do not need to follow the order shown above. Data Input Precautions · To input the same data twice: <x-data> P <y-data> S S · To input multiple entries of the same data by specifying the "frequency": <x-data> P <y-data> A G <frequency> S Example: To input the data X = 20, Y = 30 five times 20 P 30 A G 5 S · Precautions when editing data input for standard deviation also apply for regression calculations. E-31 1 Linear Regression y = A + Bx u Regression coefficient B u Regression coefficient A y ­ B. x A= n B= n. xy ­ x . y n. x 2 ­ (x)2 u Correlation coefficient r r= n . xy ­ x . y {n . x ­ (x)2}{n . y 2 ­ (y)2} 2 2 Logarithmic Regression u Regression coefficient A y = A + B. ln x u Regression coefficient B y ­ B. lnx A= n u Correlation coefficient r B= n . (lnx)y ­ lnx . y n . (lnx)2 ­ (lnx)2 r= n . (lnx)y ­ lnx . y . (lnx)2 ­ (lnx)2}{n . y 2 ­ (y)2} {n y = A. eB·x (ln y = ln A + Bx) u Regression coefficient B 3 Exponential Regression u Regression coefficient A . A = exp lny ­ B x n ( ) B= n . xlny ­ x . lny n . x 2 ­ (x)2 u Correlation coefficient r r= n . xlny ­ x . lny {n . x 2 ­ (x)2}{n . (lny)2 ­ (lny)2} y = A. xB (ln y = ln A + Bln x) u Regression coefficient B 4 Power Regression u Regression coefficient A . A = exp lny ­ B lnx n ( ) B= n . lnxlny ­ lnx . lny n . (lnx)2 ­ (lnx)2 u Correlation coefficient r r= n . lnxlny ­ lnx . lny {n . (lnx)2 ­ (lnx)2}{n . (lny)2 ­ (lny)2} E-32 5 Inverse Regression y = A + B 1/x u Regression coefficient B u Regression coefficient A y ­ B. x ­1 A= n u Correlation coefficient r B= Sxy Sxx r= Sxy Sxx . Syy 2 ­1 2 Sxx = (x ­1)2 ­ (x ) , Syy = y 2­ (y) n n ­1 . Sxy = (x ­1)y ­ x y n 6 Quadratic Regression u Regression coefficient A y = A + Bx + Cx2 A= y x x2 ­B ­C n n n ()() u Regression coefficient B B = (Sxy . Sx 2x 2 ­ Sx 2y . Sxx 2) ÷ {Sxx . Sx 2x 2 ­ (Sxx 2)2} u Regression coefficient C C = Sx 2y . Sxx ­ Sxy . Sxx 2 2 . [. . . ] · Nothing appears on the display when you press the 5 key. E-52 · To replace the battery 1 Remove the six screws that hold the back cover in place and then remove the back cover. Load it into the unit with the positive k side facing up (so you can see it). Be sure not to skip this step. Screw Screw fx-3950P This calculator is powered by single G13 Type (LR44) button battery. · Replacing the Battery Dim figures on the display of the calculator indicate that battery power is low. Continued use of the calculator when the battery is low can result in improper operation. [. . . ]